| Title | The Role of a Hazardous Waste Intermediate Management Plant in the Circularity of Products |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 38 |
| Authors | Sevilla, DV; Lopez, AF; Bugallo, PBM |
| Published | Sustainability, 14, 3 |
| Structure | I will analyze the article on "The Role of a Hazardous Waste Intermediate Management Plant in the Circularity of Products" and present sections with two sentences each. The article discusses the role of hazardous waste intermediate management plants in achieving the circularity of products. The European Union's waste management hierarchy and the circular economy concept are also mentioned as relevant frameworks for waste management. The article presents a case study of a mechanical workshop facility in Galicia, Spain, and a hazardous waste intermediate management plant that receives residues from the workshop. The study uses qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to assess the waste management activities of the facility. The article identifies four residues (waste oil, spent solvent, battery waste, and dirty wipes) that were chosen for quantitative analysis due to their environmental impact. The study also presents a system dynamics approach to model the waste oil treatment process. The article selects three residues (waste oil, spent solvent, and battery waste) for quantitative analysis due to their environmental impact and the availability of data. The residues were chosen based on their hazardousness and recyclability potential. The article presents a waste oil inventory that includes data on the chemical composition of the residue and its environmental impact. The spent solvent inventory includes data on the production and use of the solvent in the workshop. The article presents a list of best available techniques (BAT) for waste management, including techniques for oil and solvent recovery, battery waste treatment, and waste container management. The BAT list is sorted by the process's general aspects or specific residues. The article defines sustainable processes for each waste flow, including techniques for oil and solvent recovery, battery waste treatment, and waste container management. The article presents a set of sustainable processes that are designed to minimize environmental impact and promote circularity. The article presents a dynamic material and energy flow analysis (MEFA) model for waste oil treatment, which simulates the treatment process and estimates the environmental impact of the process. The model is used to assess the effectiveness of different treatment technologies. The article presents an impact assessment of the waste oil treatment process, which compares the environmental impact of different treatment technologies. The assessment uses a life cycle assessment (LCA) model to estimate the environmental impact of the process. The article presents a case study of a hazardous waste intermediate management plant in Galicia, Spain, and presents the methodology used to analyze the plant's waste management activities. The article also presents partial results of the study, including the identification of IFs (improvable flows) and the application of BATs (best available techniques) to the plant's waste management activities. The article presents a quantitative analysis of the spent solvent treatment process, which estimates the environmental impact of the process. The analysis uses a process simulator to estimate the yield of recovered solvents and the environmental impact of the process. The article presents a waste solvent inventory that includes data on the chemical composition of the residue and its environmental impact. The analysis also estimates the energy consumption and emissions associated with the treatment process. The article presents a quantitative analysis of the battery waste treatment process, which estimates the environmental impact of the process. The analysis uses a process simulator to estimate the yield of recovered metals and the environmental impact of the process. The article presents a battery waste inventory that includes data on the chemical composition of the residue and its environmental impact. The analysis also estimates the energy consumption and emissions associated with the treatment process. The article presents a quantitative analysis of the dirty wipes treatment process, which estimates the environmental impact of the process. The analysis uses a process simulator to estimate the yield of recovered solvents and the environmental impact of the process. The article presents a dirty wipes inventory that includes data on the chemical composition of the residue and its environmental impact. The analysis also estimates the energy consumption and emissions associated with the treatment process. The article presents a system dynamics approach to model the waste oil treatment process, which simulates the treatment process and estimates the environmental impact of the process. The model is used to assess the effectiveness of different treatment technologies. The article presents a dynamic material and energy flow analysis (MEFA) model for waste oil treatment, which simulates the treatment process and estimates the environmental impact of the process. The model is used to assess the effectiveness of different treatment technologies. The article presents a life-cycle assessment (LCA) of the waste oil treatment process, which compares the environmental impact of different treatment technologies. The assessment uses a LCA model to estimate the environmental impact of the process. The article concludes that the circular economy concept is a relevant framework for waste management, and that the use of best available techniques (BATs) and system dynamics approaches can help to achieve the circularity of products. The article also presents a set of sustainable processes that can be used to minimize environmental impact and promote circularity. |
| Summary | The article discusses the role of a hazardous waste intermediate management plant in the circular economy of products. The plant receives waste from mechanical workshops and manages it to send it either to final waste managers or to mechanical workshops again. The authors used different approaches, including integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC), industrial ecology, and life-cycle thinking (LCT), to redesign the industrial system. The study focused on four residues: waste oil, spent solvent, battery waste, and dirty wipes. The authors used simulation and system dynamics to evaluate the performance of the system and identify areas for improvement. The results showed that the system can achieve a high level of recycling and recovery of waste, with an average recovery rate of 75%. The authors identified several IFs (improvable flows) that can be addressed through changes in energy consumption, VOCs emissions, and material flows. The study also found that using recovered diesel oil as fuel can reduce energy consumption and emissions. The authors propose a symbiotic system where residues are managed to minimize waste and maximize recovery of valuable products. The study demonstrates the feasibility of achieving circularity of products through waste management and recycling. Key points: * The study used different approaches, including IPPC, industrial ecology, and LCT, to redesign the industrial system. * The system can achieve a high level of recycling and recovery of waste, with an average recovery rate of 75%. * The authors identified several IFs that can be addressed through changes in energy consumption, VOCs emissions, and material flows. * Using recovered diesel oil as fuel can reduce energy consumption and emissions. * The study demonstrates the feasibility of achieving circularity of products through waste management and recycling. * The authors propose a symbiotic system where residues are managed to minimize waste and maximize recovery of valuable products. Recommendations: * Implementing the symbiotic system proposed in the study can help achieve circularity of products. * Using recovered diesel oil as fuel can reduce energy consumption and emissions. * Implementing changes in energy consumption, VOCs emissions, and material flows can help address the IFs identified in the study. * The study demonstrates the feasibility of achieving circularity of products through waste management and recycling. * The authors propose a system that can be adapted to different industrial sectors and waste management systems. |
| Scientific Methods | The article presents a research study on the role of a hazardous waste intermediate management plant in the circularity of products. The study focuses on the treatment of four residues: used oils, spent solvents, battery waste, and dirty wipes. The research methods used in this study include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. The study also involves various tools and techniques, including: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Overall, the study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to investigate the role of a hazardous waste intermediate management plant in the circularity of products. |
| Article contribution | The article presents a case study on the role of a hazardous waste intermediate management plant in achieving circularity of products. The study focuses on four residues: used oils, spent solvents, battery waste, and dirty wipes. The authors analyze the current situation and propose a redesign plan to enhance the circularity of products. The study highlights the importance of stakeholders' relationship in achieving circularity. The authors identify the mechanical workshops as waste producers and the intermediate waste management plant as an intermediate manager. The plant receives waste from various sources, including mechanical workshops, and sorts and stores it for final disposal. The authors analyze the composition of each residue and identify the best available techniques (BATs) for treatment. For used oils, the BAT is vacuum distillation plus hydrogenation treatment. For spent solvents, the BAT is distillation. For battery waste, the BAT is pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical process. For dirty wipes, the BAT is a combination of minimising solvent-based cleaning agents and manual cleaning with preimpregnated wipes. The authors use system dynamics to model the waste oil treatment process. They identify three IFs: energy consumption, matter flow, and VOCs emissions. The authors propose the use of energy integration and matter recovery techniques to reduce energy consumption and VOCs emissions. The study also includes a life-cycle assessment (LCA) of the current and symbiotic scenarios. The LCA shows that the symbiotic scenario has a lower carbon footprint and human toxicity compared to the current scenario. The authors conclude that the redesign plan can enhance the circularity of products and reduce waste. They recommend that the mechanical workshops and the intermediate waste management plant adopt the proposed measures to achieve circularity. The article contributes to the field of regenerative economics and sustainability by highlighting the importance of circularity and the role of intermediate managers in achieving it. The study provides a practical example of how to apply circular economy principles in a real-world context. Key contributions: 1. The study provides a practical example of how to apply circular economy principles in a real-world context. 2. The authors identify the importance of stakeholders' relationship in achieving circularity. 3. The study highlights the importance of identifying best available techniques (BATs) for treatment of different residues. 4. The authors propose the use of energy integration and matter recovery techniques to reduce energy consumption and VOCs emissions. 5. The study includes a life-cycle assessment (LCA) of the current and symbiotic scenarios, which provides insights into the environmental impact of the different scenarios. Recommendations: 1. The mechanical workshops and the intermediate waste management plant should adopt the proposed measures to achieve circularity. 2. The authors recommend that the stakeholders adopt a collaborative approach to achieve circularity. 3. The study highlights the importance of identifying BATs for treatment of different residues, and the authors recommend that this approach be adopted in other contexts. 4. The authors propose the use of energy integration and matter recovery techniques to reduce energy consumption and VOCs emissions, and recommend that these techniques be adopted in other contexts. Limitations: 1. The study is based on a case study, which may not be representative of other contexts. 2. The authors limited the scope of the study to four residues, which may not be representative of all residues. 3. The study did not consider the economic impact of the proposed measures. Future research directions: 1. The study highlights the importance of circular economy principles in achieving regenerative economics. 2. The authors recommend that future research focus on identifying the best available techniques (BATs) for treatment of different residues. 3. The study includes a life-cycle assessment (LCA) of the current and symbiotic scenarios, which provides insights into the environmental impact of the different scenarios. 4. The authors propose the use of energy integration and matter recovery techniques to reduce energy consumption and VOCs emissions, and recommend that these techniques be adopted in other contexts. |
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