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Title A New Framework to Evaluate Urban Design Using Urban Microclimatic Modeling in Future Climatic Conditions
ID_Doc 80
Authors Mauree, D; Coccolo, S; Perera, ATD; Nik, V; Scartezzini, JL; Naboni, E
Published Sustainability, 10, 4
Structure Here are the sections of the article with two sentences each:

1. Introduction


The article discusses the development of a new framework to evaluate urban design using urban microclimatic modeling in future climatic conditions. The framework aims to provide a more accurate representation of energy consumption and heat island effects in urban areas, enabling sustainable urban planning and design.

2. Materials and Methods


The authors describe the methodology used to develop the framework, which includes downscaling future climatic data, creating a canopy interface model (CIM), and using the urban energy modeling tool CitySim. The framework is tested using a case study of the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) campus in Switzerland.

3. Results


The authors present the results of their simulations, which show that taking into account local microclimatic data increases the heating demand and cooling demand of the EPFL campus. The simulations also demonstrate the importance of considering the urban environment in building energy consumption and heat island effects.

4. Discussions and Conclusions


The authors discuss the implications of their findings, highlighting the need to consider local microclimatic data in urban energy modeling and design. They also conclude that the current renovation scenario is not sufficient to mitigate the energy footprint of buildings and urban areas, and that new design strategies are needed to address climate change.

5. Energy System Design


The authors discuss the importance of designing energy systems that can adapt to changing climatic conditions, and propose using renewable energy sources and energy storage to support building energy needs. They also highlight the need for a more comprehensive approach to energy system design that takes into account the urban environment.

6. Improved Urban Design and Future Transition Pathways


The authors propose new design strategies for urban areas, including the use of green spaces, building envelope measures, and optimized urban planning. They also discuss the need for a more integrated approach to urban design and energy system design, and highlight the importance of stakeholder engagement in addressing climate change.

7. Perspectives


The authors discuss the limitations of their study and highlight the need for further research on the impact of climate change on urban energy consumption and heat island effects. They also emphasize the importance of adopting a more holistic approach to urban design and energy system design, taking into account the complex interactions between buildings, urban environment, and energy systems.
Summary The article discusses a new framework for evaluating urban design using urban microclimatic modeling in future climatic conditions. The authors developed a workflow that links different methodologies to derive the energy consumption of a university school campus for the future. Three different scenarios for typical future years (2039, 2069, 2099) were run, as well as a renovation scenario (Minergie-P). The results showed that in the future, there will be a constant decrease in the heating demand, while the cooling demand will substantially increase. When considering the local urban climate, the cooling demand rose even higher, but the proposed Minergie-P renovations were not sufficient to achieve resilient buildings. The study highlights the importance of considering the local climate when evaluating building energy consumption and designing sustainable urban areas. The authors also discuss the implications of the simulations for energy system sizing and urban design. They recommend that building envelopes should perform for the environments they face, both inside and outside, and that energy storage and renewable energy integration should be considered to mitigate the impacts of climate change. The study provides a new methodology for evaluating urban design and energy consumption in future climatic conditions, and its findings have implications for urban planning, architecture, and engineering. The authors conclude that a more holistic approach is needed to design sustainable urban areas that can adapt to future climate scenarios.
Scientific Methods After carefully analyzing the article, I have identified the research methods used in this study:

1.
Urban Microclimatic Modeling
: The study uses urban microclimatic modeling to simulate the impact of climate change on building energy consumption in urban areas. The urban canopy model (CIM) is used to simulate the urban microclimate.
2.
Dynamic Downscaling
: The study uses dynamic downscaling of global climate models (GCMs) to create future climate scenarios for the EPFL campus. The Rossby Centre regional climate model (RCM) is used for downscaling.
3.
CitySim
: The study uses the CitySim energy modeling tool to simulate the energy demand of the EPFL campus under different climate scenarios.
4.
Meteonorm
: The study uses Meteonorm software to obtain typical meteorological years (TMYS) for the EPFL campus.
5.
CIM-CitySim Coupling
: The study uses a coupling approach between the urban canopy model (CIM) and CitySim to simulate the energy demand of the EPFL campus under different climate scenarios.
6.
Sensitivity Analysis
: The study performs sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of different climate scenarios on building energy consumption.
7.
Scenario Analysis
: The study performs scenario analysis to evaluate the impact of different renovation scenarios on building energy consumption.
8.
Statistical Analysis
: The study performs statistical analysis to evaluate the differences between the climatic and microclimatic data.
9.
Simulation of Energy Demand
: The study simulates the energy demand of the EPFL campus under different climate scenarios using CitySim and CIM-CitySim coupling.
10.
Validation of Energy Model
: The study validates the energy model using on-site monitoring data.

The research methods used in this study are:

*
Physical modeling
: Urban microclimatic modeling, dynamic downscaling, and simulation of energy demand using CitySim and CIM-CitySim coupling.
*
Statistical analysis
: Statistical analysis of the differences between climatic and microclimatic data.
*
Scenario analysis
: Scenario analysis to evaluate the impact of different climate scenarios and renovation scenarios on building energy consumption.
*
Sensitivity analysis
: Sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of different climate scenarios on building energy consumption.

These research methods are used to evaluate the impact of climate change on building energy consumption in urban areas, and to develop a framework for sustainable urban design.
Article contribution The article "A New Framework to Evaluate Urban Design Using Urban Microclimatic Modeling in Future Climatic Conditions" presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of climate change on urban energy demand and provides a framework for urban designers to evaluate the effects of climate change on urban microclimates. The study's contributions to regenerative economics and sustainability can be summarized as follows:

1.
Quantifying urban energy demand
: The study provides a framework for quantifying urban energy demand under different climate scenarios, which is essential for designing sustainable urban systems.
2.
Incorporating urban microclimates
: The study demonstrates the importance of incorporating urban microclimates into urban energy modeling, which can lead to more accurate energy demand predictions and better urban planning decisions.
3.
Assessing the impact of climate change
: The study assesses the impact of climate change on urban energy demand, including the effects of rising temperatures, wind speed, and precipitation on building energy consumption.
4.
Developing a new framework
: The study presents a new framework for evaluating urban design using urban microclimatic modeling, which can be applied to other cities and urban configurations.
5.
Implications for sustainable urban design
: The study's findings have significant implications for sustainable urban design, highlighting the need to consider urban microclimates in urban planning decisions and to incorporate green infrastructure and energy-efficient building design.

The study's contributions to regenerative economics and sustainability are significant, as they:

1.
Provide a more accurate understanding of urban energy demand
: The study's framework and results can be used to better understand urban energy demand and to develop more accurate energy demand predictions.
2.
Inform sustainable urban design decisions
: The study's findings can be used to inform sustainable urban design decisions, such as the use of green infrastructure, energy-efficient building design, and urban microclimate management.
3.
Support the development of regenerative urban systems
: The study's framework and results can be used to support the development of regenerative urban systems, which prioritize sustainability, social equity, and environmental stewardship.

Overall, the study's contributions to regenerative economics and sustainability are significant, and its findings have far-reaching implications for urban designers, policymakers, and researchers working on sustainable urban systems.

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