| Title | Attenuation mechanisms and key parameters to enhance treatment performance in vegetation filters: A review |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 10757 |
| Authors | Pradana, R; Hernández-Martín, JA; Martínez-Hernández, V; Meffe, R; de Santiago-Martín, A; Barbón, AP; de Bustamante, I |
| Title | Attenuation mechanisms and key parameters to enhance treatment performance in vegetation filters: A review |
| Year | 2021 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | In times when environmental concerns are on the rise and the search of ways to reduce waste generation and to create a circular economy is booming, Nature Based Solutions (NBSs) play a very important role. Vegetation Filters (VFs) are a type of Land Application System (LAS) in which wastewater is used to irrigate a forestry plantation to treat the water and produce biomass. VFs show multiple benefits that render this technology a suitable solution for wastewater treatment, especially for scattered populations or isolated buildings that lack of connection to sewer systems. This review aims to provide a comprehensive state of the art of VF implementation, highlighting the do's and don'ts for a successful performance focusing on those factors that are essential to water treatment. Results show that VFs have a great treatment capacity when all involving factors are considered, and their efficiency tends to increase with time, as the VF develops and "gets older". Indeed, the presence of finetextured soils, the selection of a proper vegetation species, the use of pre-treated wastewater and a water balance-based irrigation schedule alternating wetting and -drying cycles are all factors that help to achieve the best performance. However, it is necessary to design and follow a simple but rigorous operation and maintenance schedule to avoid system failure, which could lead to NO3-N leaching towards groundwater. |
| https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113752 |
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