| Title | Fish By-Products: A Source of Enzymes to Generate Circular Bioactive Hydrolysates |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 12176 |
| Authors | Borges, S; Odila, J; Voss, G; Martins, R; Rosa, A; Couto, JA; Almeida, A; Pintado, M |
| Title | Fish By-Products: A Source of Enzymes to Generate Circular Bioactive Hydrolysates |
| Year | 2023 |
| Published | Molecules, 28.0, 3 |
| Abstract | Fish viscera are usually discarded as waste, causing environmental problems, or as low-value by-products. This study describes a self-sufficient and zero waste approach to obtain enzymes and protein hydrolysates from fish by-products. Firstly, recovery steps of viscera enzymatic extract were applied, and the resulting raw extract was stable at a pH range of 8-9 and at temperatures between 40 and 50 degrees C. The application of the extracted enzymes and alcalase on fish by-products hydrolysis was also determined. The selected conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis were 10% (E/S) for 6 h using viscera enzymatic extract and 3% (E/S) for 2 h using alcalase. Fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) proved to have a notable antioxidant capacity with similar activity, similar to 11 mg ascorbic acid/g dry extract (ABTS assay) and similar to 150 mg Trolox/g dry extract (ORAC assay). FPH were also able to inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme, however, alcalase hydrolysates revealed a higher antihypertensive potential, IC50 of 101 mu g of protein/mL. In general, FPH obtained by both enzymes systems maintained these bioactivities after the passage throughout a simulated gastrointestinal tract. The hydrolysates also displayed important technological properties, namely oil absorption capacity (similar to 1 g oil/g sample) and emulsifying property (similar to 40%). Therefore, it will be conceivable to use fish by-products based on a circular economy approach to generate added value compounds for animal and human nutrition. |
| https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/3/1155/pdf?version=1674554331 |
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