| Title | Cotton waste upcycling: biofuel and cellulose derivatives production |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 12688 |
| Authors | Oshikata, MSK; Blas, NS; Silva, BD; Fukamizu, DI; da Silva, DRB; Gauto, LP; Cruz, AJG; Morandim-Giannetti, AD; Pratto, B |
| Title | Cotton waste upcycling: biofuel and cellulose derivatives production |
| Year | 2024 |
| Published | Cellulose, 31.0, 11 |
| Abstract | This study explores the upcycling of cotton residues from textile industry as a feedstock in a biorefinery model. The proposed process is to enzymatically digest the crude biomass to produce bioethanol, transforming the non-hydrolyzed residue into both carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and cellulose acetate (CA). Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments of the raw cotton (without any chemical pretreatment) were performed in batch mode to evaluate the effects of enzyme dosage and biomass concentrations. The highest glucose level (113.2 g/L) was obtained with 20% m/v biomass concentration and 15 FPU/gbiomass, corresponding to 46.8% cellulose-to-glucose conversion. Fed-batch strategies (substrate feeding (S1) or substrate and enzyme feeding (S2)) were also studied. 60.2% cellulose-to-glucose conversion was achieved for S2 strategy with substrate and enzyme feeding within the first 48 h. Both CMC and CA were successfully synthesized (degree of substitution equal to 2 and 3, respectively) from the remaining cotton, which indicates the introduction of two carboxymethyl groups in the hydroxyls of each glycosidic unit of cellulose in CMC and three acetyl groups in the case of CA. Using the best condition, it would be possible to estimate a yield of 301.2, 237, and 238 g of ethanol, CMC, and CA, respectively, per 1 kg of cotton scraps. The proposed route shows the viability of upcycling cotton waste into biofuels and bioproducts, driving the circular economy and fostering the textile industry. |
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