| Title | Vegetative growth enhancement of organic fertilizer from anaerobically-treated palm oil mill effluent (POME) supplemented with chicken manure in food-energy-water nexus challenge |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 15045 |
| Authors | Loh, SK; Lai, ME; Ngatiman, M |
| Title | Vegetative growth enhancement of organic fertilizer from anaerobically-treated palm oil mill effluent (POME) supplemented with chicken manure in food-energy-water nexus challenge |
| Year | 2019 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | Generally, chemical fertilizers are given priority when maintaining soil fertility. Due to the price hike of chemical fertilizers and the growing environmental concerns, more and more industries have considered developing a more economical and environmental-friendly substitutes. The oil palm industry is no exception. Efforts are put forth to recover fully the various potential palm oil milling by-products, which are abundantly generated, particularly the palm oil mill effluent (POME) for integration with food-energy-water nexus. This study attempted applying the raw (untreated) and anaerobically-treated POME supplemented with chicken manure as an organic fertilizer for Ipomoea aquatica (kangkung) growth via pot assay. Four treatments - raw POME:chicken manure at ratio (A) 1:1 w/w and (B) 2:1 w/w, and treated POME:chicken manure at ratio (C) 1:1 w/w and (D) 2:1 w/w were used. Chicken manure was added to fulfill the plant's nutrients requirement (N:P2O5:K2O = 136:141:674, kg/ha) for optimum growth. Results showed significantly greater fresh biomass (>50% increment), plant height and leaves number in treatment (C) than control and other treatments (p <0.05). Contrarily, treatments (A) and (B) caused retarded growth due to high residual oil (12.6 g/L) in raw POME. Although the treated POME could enhance soil fertility, an overdose loaded with>0.58 g/L volatile fatty acid, though with negligible oil residue, may affect plant growth too. As the treated POME exhibits substantial NPK nutrients, it can be conditionally used as a low-cost alternative to complement the widely used chemical fertilizers. The findings of this study offers a potential integrated approach using a local agricultural by-product (POME), producing biogas, recycled water and organic fertilizer, in meeting nexus resources demand and conserving the environment for a circular economy. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Institution of Chemical Engineers. |
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