| Title | Aqueous solution discharge of cylindrical lithium-ion cells |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 15347 |
| Authors | Shaw-Stewart, J; Alvarez-Reguera, A; Greszta, A; Marco, J; Masood, M; Sommerville, R; Kendrick, E |
| Title | Aqueous solution discharge of cylindrical lithium-ion cells |
| Year | 2019 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | The development of mass-market electric vehicles (EVs) using lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is helping to propel growth in LIB usage, but end-of-life strategies for UBs are not well developed. An important aspect of waste LIB processing is the stabilisation of such high energy-density devices, and energy discharge is an obvious way to achieve this. Salt-water electrochemical discharge is often mentioned as the initial step in many LIB recycling studies, but the details of the process itself have not often been mentioned. This study presents systematic discharge characteristics of different saline and basic solutions using identical, fully charged LIB cells. A total of 26 different ionic solutes with sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and ammonium (NH4+) cations have been tested here using a fixed weight percentage concentration. An evaluation of possible reactions has also been carried out here. The results show good discharge for many of the salts, without significant damaging visual corrosion. The halide salts (CI-, Br-, and I-) show rapid corrosion of the positive terminal, as does sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3), and the solution penetrates the cell can. Mildly acidic solutions do not appear to cause significant damage to the cell can. The most alkaline solutions (NaOH and K3PO4) appear to penetrate the cell without any clear visual damage at the terminals. Depending on what is desired by the discharge (i.e. complete cell destruction and stabilisation or potential re-use or materials recovery), discharge of individual Li-ion cells using aqueous solutions holds clear promise for scaled-up and safe industrial processes. Crown Copyright (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. |
| https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2019.e00110 |
Similar Articles
| ID | Score | Article |
|---|---|---|
6661
|
Torabian, MM; Jafari, M; Bazargan, A Discharge of lithium-ion batteries in salt solutions for safer storage, transport, and resource recovery(2022)Waste Management & Research, 40, 4 | |
| 28957
|
Prazanová, A; Plachy, Z; Uricár, J; Pilnaj, D; Kocí, J; Knap, V Sustainability Challenges: The Circular Economy Dilemma in Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Electrochemical Discharging Processes(2024) | |
| 21830
|
Sommerville, R; Shaw-Stewart, J; Goodship, V; Rowson, N; Kendrick, E A review of physical processes used in the safe recycling of lithium ion batteries(2020) | |
| 27223
|
Waidha, AI; Salihovic, A; Jacob, M; Vanita, V; Aktekin, B; Brix, K; Wissel, K; Kautenburger, R; Janek, J; Ensinger, W; Clemens, O Recycling of All-Solid-State Li-ion Batteries: A Case Study of the Separation of Individual Components Within a System Composed of LTO, LLZTO and NMC(2023)Chemsuschem, 16.0, 13 | |
| 32830
|
Marchese, D; Giosuè, C; Staffolani, A; Conti, M; Orcioni, S; Soavi, F; Cavalletti, M; Stipa, P An Overview of the Sustainable Recycling Processes Used for Lithium-Ion Batteries(2024)Batteries-Basel, 10, 1 | |
| 9511
|
Raj, B; Sahoo, MK; Nikoloski, A; Singh, P; Basu, S; Mohapatra, M Retrieving Spent Cathodes from Lithium-Ion Batteries through Flourishing Technologies(2023)Batteries & Supercaps, 6.0, 1 | |
| 13426
|
Zhao, Y; Kang, YQ; Fan, MC; Li, T; Wozny, J; Zhou, YA; Wang, XS; Chueh, YL; Liang, Z; Zhou, GM; Wang, JX; Tavajohi, N; Kang, FY; Li, BH Precise separation of spent lithium-ion cells in water without discharging for recycling(2022) | |
| 4416
|
Mossali, E; Picone, N; Gentilini, L; Rodrìguez, O; Pérez, JM; Colledani, M Lithium-ion batteries towards circular economy: A literature review of opportunities and issues of recycling treatments(2020) | |
| 21738
|
Schneider, K; Kiyek, V; Finsterbusch, M; Yagmurlu, B; Goldmann, D Acid Leaching of Al- and Ta-Substituted Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) Solid Electrolyte(2023)Metals, 13.0, 5 | |
| 6648
|
Werner, DM; Mütze, T; Peuker, UA Influence of Pretreatment Strategy on the Crushing of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries(2022)Metals, 12, 11 |