| Title | Biodiesel from fats: Fatty acid feedstock as a circular economy solution |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 16830 |
| Authors | Varma, P; Otageri, J; Kandasubramanian, B |
| Title | Biodiesel from fats: Fatty acid feedstock as a circular economy solution |
| Year | 2024 |
| Published | International Journal Of Green Energy, 21, 11 |
| Abstract | The burning and utilization of fossil fuels contribute to climate change and emit pollutants that raise the risk of asthma, heart diseases, respiratory diseases, and strokes in humans. There is an unprecedented rise in the use of petroleum fuel, consequently, increasing the concern over fossil fuel utilization. To overcome this burning problem, there is an urgent need to switch to biofuels, which are an attractive alternative to petroleum fuel. Biofuels are renewable, nontoxic, sulfur-free, cost-effective energy sources that can be derived from the fatty acids found in plant oils via transesterification, esterification, and catalytic cracking techniques. This review focuses on the feedstocks as well as their fatty acid composition used to produce the first two out of the four generations of biofuel and reports up-to-date information on the differing reaction conditions involved in these processes. Various types of feedstocks, reactors, catalysts, and production techniques are used to produce biofuels which are discussed in this article. An emphasis has been put on the fatty acids of edible and non-edible oils and their usage to produce biodiesel with a discussion of the in-depth knowledge of properties as well as the applications of biofuels in detail. |
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