| Title | Techno-economics and life-cycle assessment of biological and thermochemical treatment of bio-waste |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 20816 |
| Authors | Awasthi, MK; Sarsaiya, S; Wainaina, S; Rajendran, K; Awasthi, SK; Liu, T; Duan, YM; Jain, A; Sindhu, R; Binod, P; Pandey, A; Zhang, ZQ; Taherzadeh, MJ |
| Title | Techno-economics and life-cycle assessment of biological and thermochemical treatment of bio-waste |
| Year | 2021 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | The energy sector contributed to three-fourth of overall global emissions in the past decade. Biological wastes can be converted to useful energy and other byproducts via biological or thermo-chemical routes. However, issues such as techno-economic feasibility and lack of understanding on the overall lifecycle of a product have hindered commercialization. It is needed to recognize these inter-disciplinary factors. This review attempts to critically evaluate the role of technology, economics and lifecycle assessment of bio-waste in two processing types. This includes: 1. biological and, 2. thermo-chemical route. The key findings of this work are: 1. Policy support is essential for commercialization of a waste treatment technology; 2. adequate emphasis is necessary on the social dimensions in creating awareness; and 3. from a product development perspective, research should focus on industrial needs. The choice of the treatment and their commercialization depends on the regional demand of a product, policy support, and technology maturity. Utilization of bio-wastes to produce value-added products will enhance circular economy, which in turn improves sustainability. |
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