| Title | Emerging technological solutions for the management of paper mill wastewater: Treatment, nutrient recovery and fourth industrial revolution (IR 4.0) |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 21342 |
| Authors | Kumar, R; Maurya, A; Raj, A |
| Title | Emerging technological solutions for the management of paper mill wastewater: Treatment, nutrient recovery and fourth industrial revolution (IR 4.0) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | At present, the increasing consumption of natural sources and rapid urbanization has exceeded the demand for fresh water which is a matter of serious concern. Paper mill wastewater contains high organic matter, nutrients, and lignin and their derivatives, which have economic value. Therefore, it may soon become "ecologically sustainable" with technological advances. Nowadays, traditional physicochemical and biological treatment systems have been established for wastewater treatment but they still face operational and procedural challenges. Researchers are devoted not only to the treatment approach but are also focusing on the reusability of wastewater in various sectors. Also, IR 4.0-based technological interventions can make the treatment and reusability process of wastewater treatment faster and error-free. This review focuses on the performance and challenges of existing and emerging treatment approaches in paper mill wastewater. We discussed in detailed the importance of adopting a circular economy along with recent technological advances as well as their role in reducing climate risk and dependence on existing resources. Also, this review emphasized the enhancement of environmental feasibility by using IR 4.0 technologies and some other approaches such as LCA and decentralized treatment systems. As evident from the literature, these collective initiatives may become important towards wastewater treatment and resource recovery and can help in providing efficient reuse of wastewater through a tie-up of concepts with resource efficiency and without compromising on environmental health which can be an opportunity for social prosperity. Future research to overcome barriers to the implementation and management of these technologies is also discussed. |
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