| Title | Use of recycled materials as mid layer in three layered structures-new possibility in design for recycling |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 23089 |
| Authors | Radusin, T; Nilsen, J; Larsen, S; Annfinsen, S; Waag, C; Eikeland, MS; Pettersen, MK; Fredriksen, SB |
| Title | Use of recycled materials as mid layer in three layered structures-new possibility in design for recycling |
| Year | 2020 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | Challenges of using recycled polymer materials in food packaging are related both to the properties of the material and demanding safety issues for food contact materials. The aim of this research was to detect possible risks using recycled post-consumer plastic waste in three-layered polyethylene (PE) films produced with virgin outer layers and a mid-layer from recycled flexible PE material. Migration tests were performed as risk assessment for identifying possible migrating substances from the mid-recycled layer. Overall migration was determined on various 3-layered structures made from virgin low-density PE (LDPE) and virgin linear low-density PE (LLDPE), respectively, with two different recycled PE from post-consumer waste (R1 and R2). 95% ethanol was used as a simulant for screening at 20, 40 and 60 degrees C for 10 days. Specific migration was performed using sophisticated analytical techniques (liquid and gas chromatography). Overall migration values for all temperatures were from < 2 mg/dm(2) at lowest and 5.6 +/- 0.1 mg/dm(2) at highest temperature, thus well below the overall migration limit (OML) of 10 mg/dm(2). Specific migration of intentionally and non-intentionally added substances were detected, identified and quantified. Similarly, specific migration values were under specific migration limit (SML) defined in legislation. Optical properties of the reference samples were significantly different in appearance and on cross section for samples with recycled materials R1 compared to recycled material R2 which caused only slight changes in the appearance of both reference films. This research presents a valuable study on migration from recycled flexible PE films and use of recycled materials in food packaging applications. Use of virgin materials as outer layer in combination with commercially available recycled material can increase the use of recycled materials in packaging as well as reduce the total amount of flexible plastic solid waste. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
| https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120876 |
Similar Articles
| ID | Score | Article |
|---|---|---|
7009
|
Khan, MR; Sadiq, MB; Vápenka, L; Volpe, S; Rajchl, A; Torrieri, E Role of quality assessment of the recycled packaging material in determining its safety profile as food contact material(2024) | |
| 2703
|
Geueke, B; Groh, K; Muncke, J Food packaging in the circular economy: Overview of chemical safety aspects for commonly used materials(2018) | |
| 9886
|
Masmoudi, F; Alix, S; Buet, S; Mehri, A; Bessadok, A; Jaziri, M; Ammar, E Design and Characterization of a New Food Packaging Material by Recycling Blends Virgin and Recovered polyethylene terephthalate(2020)Polymer Engineering And Science, 60.0, 2 | |
| 4575
|
Nguyen, PM; Berrard, C; Daoud, N; Saillard, P; Peyroux, J; Vitrac, O Assessment of chemical risks and circular economy implications of recycled PET in food packaging with functional barriers(2024) | |
| 8336
|
Welle, F Recycling of Post-Consumer Polystyrene Packaging Waste into New Food Packaging Applications-Part 1: Direct Food Contact(2023)Recycling, 8.0, 1 | |
| 10878
|
Etxabide, A; Young, B; Bremer, PJ; Kilmartin, PA Non-permanent primary food packaging materials assessment: Identification, migration, toxicity, and consumption of substances(2022)Comprehensive Reviews In Food Science And Food Safety, 21, 5 | |
| 6415
|
Seier, M; Archodoulaki, VM; Koch, T; Duscher, B; Gahleitner, M Prospects for Recyclable Multilayer Packaging: A Case Study(2023)Polymers, 15, 13 | |
| 14506
|
Liu, YQ; Li, ZK; Zhang, HR; Wang, ZW; Hu, CY Effect of recycled polypropylene on migration of six processing aids in polypropylene film to milk(2024) | |
| 17020
|
Franz, R; Welle, F Recycling of Post-Consumer Packaging Materials into New Food Packaging Applications-Critical Review of the European Approach and Future Perspectives(2022)Sustainability, 14, 2 | |
| 22183
|
de las Heras, RB; Colom, X; Canavate, J Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Incorporating Post-Industrial Recycled LLDPE and Post-Consumer PE in Films: Macrostructural and Microstructural Perspectives in the Packaging Industry(2024)Polymers, 16.0, 7 |