| Title | Processing and recovery of valuable components from pelagic blood-water waste streams: A review and recommendations |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 23617 |
| Authors | Hayes, M; Gallagher, M |
| Title | Processing and recovery of valuable components from pelagic blood-water waste streams: A review and recommendations |
| Year | 2019 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | Marine resources are limited and optimal utilisation of all the available material is essential to ensure sustainability. This brings two main challenges: the first is to get the maximum quantity and quality out of the catch of high value-added raw material. The second is to upgrade low value-added raw material such as blood-waters. The volume of blood-waters generated from pelagic processing industries and their organic load varies from species to species but volumes are large and costs associated with disposal are substantial. However, pelagic blood-water waste streams contain proteins, lipids and small molecules with potential for use in food and feed. The dog and cat feed and food industry is a lucrative sector which is currently valued at $42 billion and is considerably larger than the worldwide baby food market. Furthermore, blood-water from processing is a substantial environmental and economic cost for pelagic processors. To date, the utilisation of blood-waters as food and feed ingredients has not been intensively reviewed. The central focus of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and critical review of recent progress in the recovery of proteins and other molecules from pelagic fish derived blood-waters using filtration and other methods which have potential for use by food and feed industries. The current and potential applications of blood-waters are discussed and the review confirms that blood-water recovery technologies are viable and environmentally beneficial but production efficiency and costs should be improved. The review also provides analysis of challenges that exist concerning the development of ingredients from this resource including the relevant legislation and regulation governing access/use of blood-water and limitations that can be encountered in the development of products. Recent research indicates that proteins derived from blood-waters which are obtained in properly managed processing plants can be considered safe if handled correctly and have potential to replace proteins from other sources in fish and feed manufacture. It is recommended that the safety of recovered pelagic blood waters in terms of the microbial and heavy metal load is assessed prior to use and that further research should be carried out in conjunction with industry to reduce costs associated with implementation of successful filtration methods. This review provides scientific value for marine and food scientists concerning recovery and utilisation strategies of pelagic processing blood-waters and this may be used to inform industry and environmental policy makers in the future. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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