| Title | Recycling-equilibrium strategy for phosphogypsum pollution control in phosphate fertilizer plants |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 23708 |
| Authors | Xu, JP; Fan, LR; Xie, YC; Wu, G |
| Title | Recycling-equilibrium strategy for phosphogypsum pollution control in phosphate fertilizer plants |
| Year | 2019 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | Excessive phosphogypsum waste has caused significant environmental contamination and has consequently become a serious threat to sustainable socio-economic development. This paper proposes a recycling-equilibrium strategy from a regional policy perspective that integrates circular economic theory and modeling techniques to resolve phosphogypsum-related pollution problems. Specifically, three typical conflicts are analyzed to describe the problem complexity, and a multi-objective bi-level programming model is formulated under uncertainty for the assignment of practical disposal limits to achieve a compromise agreement between the multiple decision makers. A solution approach that employs fuzzy theory, an acceptable reduction target, and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions is developed to identify the optimum phosphogypsum stack allowance allocation mechanism for regional authorities and an optimal purchase-transportation plan for the phosphate fertilizer plants. The results from the practical case validated the feasibility and efficiency of the formulated method and proved that a recycling-equilibrium strategy based stack allowance allocation mechanism could successfully achieve phosphogypsum pollution mitigation. The practical application findings were: (1) different phosphate fertilizer plants have different sensitivities towards changing stack reduction targets; (2) local authority revenue and phosphogypsum stack quantities are mainly impacted by environmental protection targets; (3) allocating larger stack allowances to phosphate fertilizer plants with smaller emissions coefficients can realize better phosphogypsum reduction. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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