| Title | Review of Sewage Sludge as a Soil Amendment in Relation to Current International Guidelines: A Heavy Metal Perspective |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 26673 |
| Authors | Nunes, N; Ragonezi, C; Gouveia, CSS; de Carvalho, MAAP |
| Title | Review of Sewage Sludge as a Soil Amendment in Relation to Current International Guidelines: A Heavy Metal Perspective |
| Year | 2021 |
| Published | Sustainability, 13, 4 |
| Abstract | Overexploitation of resources makes the reutilization of waste a focal topic of modern society, and the question of the kind of wastes that can be used is continuously raised. Sewage sludge (SS) is derived from the wastewater treatment plants, considered important underused biomass, and can be used as a biofertilizer when properly stabilized due to the high content of inorganic matter, nitrate, and phosphorus. However, a wide range of pollutants can be present in these biosolids, limiting or prohibiting their use as biofertilizer, depending on the type and origin of industrial waste and household products. Long-term applications of these biosolids could substantially increase the concentration of contaminants, causing detrimental effects on the environment and induce hyperaccumulation or phytotoxicity in the produced crops. In this work, some critical parameters for soils and SS agronomic use, such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium (NPK), and heavy metals concentration have been reviewed. Several cases of food crop production and the accumulation of heavy metals after SS application are also discussed. SS production, usage, and legislation in EU are assessed to determine the possibility of sustainable management of this bioresource. Additionally, the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines are addressed. The opportunity to produce bioenergy crops, employing sewage sludge to enhance degraded land, is also considered, due to energy security. Although there are numerous advantages of sewage sludge, proper screening for heavy metals in all the variants (biosolids, soil, food products) is a must. SS application requires appropriate strict guidelines with appropriate regulatory oversight to control contamination of agricultural soils. |
Similar Articles
| ID | Score | Article |
|---|---|---|
23731
|
Valchev, D; Ribarova, I; Borisov, B; Radovanov, V; Lyubomirova, V; Kostova, I; Dimova, G; Karpuzova, O; Lazarova, S Valuable elements in sludge from eight municipal wastewater treatment plants in relation to their recovery potential(2024)Environmental Sciences Europe, 36, 1 | |
| 25704
|
Arrobas, M; Meneses, R; Gusmao, AG; da Silva, JM; Correia, CM; Rodrigues, MA Nitrogen-Rich Sewage Sludge Mineralized Quickly, Improving Lettuce Nutrition and Yield, with Reduced Risk of Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil and Plant Tissues(2024)Agronomy-Basel, 14, 5 | |
| 9261
|
Kominko, H; Gorazda, K; Wzorek, Z Sewage sludge: A review of its risks and circular raw material potential(2024) | |
| 14091
|
Onchoke, KK; Fateru, OO; Friedfeld, RB; Weatherford, PW Evaluation and analysis of perlite and municipal wastewater sludge (biosolids) from three wastewater treatment plants in East Texas, USA(2022)Environmental Monitoring And Assessment, 194, 2 | |
| 20579
|
Mosquera-Losada, R; Amador-García, A; Muñóz-Ferreiro, N; Santiago-Freijanes, JJ; Ferreiro-Domínguez, N; Romero-Franco, R; Rigueiro-Rodríguez, A Sustainable use of sewage sludge in acid soils within a circular economy perspective(2017) | |
| 24711
|
Gomes, LA; Gabriel, N; Gando-Ferreira, LM; Góis, JC; Quina, MJ Analysis of potentially toxic metal constraints to apply sewage sludge in Portuguese agricultural soils(2019)Environmental Science And Pollution Research, 26, 25 | |
| 25617
|
Rodrigues, MA; Sawimbo, A; da Silva, JM; Correia, CM; Arrobas, M Sewage Sludge Increased Lettuce Yields by Releasing Valuable Nutrients While Keeping Heavy Metals in Soil and Plants at Levels Well below International Legislative Limits(2024)Horticulturae, 10, 7 | |
| 12872
|
Mockeviciene, I; Siaudinis, G; Karcauskiene, D; Repsiene, R; Barcauskaite, K; Anne, O The Evaluation of the Phytoremediation Potential of the Energy Crops in Acid Soil by Sewage Sludge Fertilization(2023)Land, 12.0, 4 | |
| 23960
|
Husek, M; Mosko, J; Pohorely, M Sewage sludge treatment methods and P-recovery possibilities: Current state-of-the-art(2022) | |
| 16365
|
Santos, AF; Alvarenga, P; Quina, MJ; Gando-Ferreira, LM Agronomic valorization of sewage sludge: The potential of thermal drying to achieve sanitation and biological stability(2022) |