| Title | Does informal environmental regulation matter? Evidence on the different impacts of communities and ENGOs on heavy-polluting firms' green technology innovation |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 30764 |
| Authors | Guo, LY; Hu, C; Fan, MJ; Mao, JH; Tian, M; Wang, ZH; Wei, YY |
| Title | Does informal environmental regulation matter? Evidence on the different impacts of communities and ENGOs on heavy-polluting firms' green technology innovation |
| Year | 2024 |
| Published | Journal Of Environmental Planning And Management, 67, 11 |
| Abstract | Firms, especially heavy-polluting firms, are facing intense pressure from informal environmental regulations, which play a unique role in promoting heavy-polluting firms' green technology innovation (GTI). Communities and ENGOs are two important informal environmental regulation entities that have different influence mechanisms to stimulate heavy-polluting firms in GTI. The research results indicate that heavy-polluting firms' GTI follows an inverted U-shape as the number of communities around these firms increases, whereas it follows a positive linear correlation as the number of ENGOs increases. Interestingly, ownership types and administrative hierarchy distance positively moderate the curvilinear and linear relationships. State-owned enterprises (SOEs) are more inclined to maintain their legitimacy by fulfilling communities' and ENGOs' environmental requirements than non-SOEs. A shorter administrative hierarchy distance means that firms are supervised by high-level governments. The autonomy effect of lower-level governments does not affect the vigorous enforcement of environmental policies, which also enhances these two relationships. |
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