| Title | Circular Economy Approach to Enhance Soil Fertility Based on Recovering Phosphorus from Wastewater |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 5155 |
| Authors | Ayeyemi, T; Recena, R; García-López, AM; Delgado, A |
| Title | Circular Economy Approach to Enhance Soil Fertility Based on Recovering Phosphorus from Wastewater |
| Year | 2023 |
| Published | Agronomy-Basel, 13, 6 |
| Abstract | Phosphorus (P) is a non-renewable resource whose future scarcity will constrain agricultural sustainability. Thus, to ensure this sustainability, a circular economy approach involving the use of recycled P sources is needed. The objective of this study was to assess the fertilizer effect of two recycled P products that can be obtained from water purification: vivianites and struvites. Five vivianites (one synthetic, one obtained from industrial process, and three from water purification) and two struvites (named A and B) from diverse origins were compared with soluble mineral P fertilizer (superphosphate) in a pot experiment using wheat at two P rates (50 and 100 mg P kg(-1)) in two Mediterranean soils. Struvites performed similarly to superphosphate and outperformed all types of vivianites in terms of dry matter (DM) yield and P uptake. Industrial and synthetic vivianites, led to higher DM yield and P uptake by plants than vivianites from water purification. Synthetic and industrial process vivianites increased Olsen P in soils after harvesting, relative to non-fertilized soils. Differences between vivianites can be explained by the different Fe2+ to Fe3+ ratios, the different crystal sizes, and morphology. Struvite B can replace 65-92% superphosphate on a P uptake basis, and 94-154% on a DM yield basis (the range depends on the P rate). Vivianite from industrial process can replace 54-75% of superphosphate on a DM basis, depending on the P rate. Thus, struvites were as efficient as superphosphate as P fertilizer. However, the results obtained with industrial process vivianite are promising with a view to its potential use in agriculture. |
| https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/6/1513/pdf?version=1687491207 |
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