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Title A nature-based closed-loop wastewater treatment system at vehicle-washing facilities: From linear to circular economy
ID_Doc 5303
Authors Afzal, M; Arslan, M; Younus, S; Müller, JA; Usman, M; Yasin, M; Mehmood, MA; Mehdi, T; Islam, E; Tauseef, M; Iqbal, S
Title A nature-based closed-loop wastewater treatment system at vehicle-washing facilities: From linear to circular economy
Year 2024
Published Iscience, 27, 4
Abstract Pakistan, among the top five most water -stressed nations globally, grapples with water scarcity owing to inadequate treatment infrastructure and groundwater overextraction. We demonstrate a successful nature -based closed -loop system to treat wastewater from urban vehicle -washing facilities, previously reliant on groundwater. An eco-friendly integrated system containing floating treatment wetlands (FTWs), subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSF-CWs), and sand filtration (SF) was designed and installed at three vehicle -washing facilities for wastewater treatment and reuse in a loop. While the system is still operational after years, a consistent and significant reduction in water quality indicators is recorded, successfully meeting the national environmental quality standards of Pakistan. By reducing per unit water treatment costs to as low as $0.0163/m3 and achieving payback periods under a year, the embrace of these closed -loop strategies vividly underscores the imperative of transitioning to a circular economy in the domains of wastewater treatment and resource conservation.
PDF https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109361

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