| Title | Sustainable Management of Genotoxic Aromatic Pollutants: Role of Microbial Traits in Efficient Bioremediation and Resource Recovery |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 6962 |
| Authors | Mohapatra, B; Phale, PS |
| Title | Sustainable Management of Genotoxic Aromatic Pollutants: Role of Microbial Traits in Efficient Bioremediation and Resource Recovery |
| Year | 2022 |
| Published | Current Pollution Reports, 8, 4 |
| Abstract | Purpose of Review Despite genetic, metabolic, and enzymatic studies of xenobiotic-degrading microbe(s), bioremediation has remained inefficient at the field level. The microbial eco-physiological traits and bio-geological constraints imposed are the key hurdles. Therefore, it is imperative to comprehend how microbes survive, adapt, and overcome such constraints at the impacted niches. Furthermore, given the urgency of climate smart innovations, "microbe-driven trash-to-treasure conversion" is of the highest concern. The purposes of this review are to highlight the importance of assistive microbial responses/traits in overcoming bio-geochemical constraints for improved adaptability and to develop cleaner routes to recover value-added products during biodegradation. Recent Findings The use of specialized microbes with efficient xenobiotic/aromatic pollutant-degrading abilities, known as "bioremediation", is a promising and eco-friendly alternative. These specialized microbes elicit a variety of cellular responses (eco-physiology traits) like chemotaxis, cell surface modifications, substrate utilization hierarchy, metabolic pathway compartmentalization, and stress management to adapt, survive, and colonize at contaminated niche as well as degrade aromatics efficiently. Recently developed system biology and metabolic engineering tools have also enabled to design-build-analyse and engineer pathways for better remediation with simultaneous recovery of value-added products, thus contributing to the circular bio-economy. Efficient pollutant-degrading microbes endowed with assistive cellular traits like preferential degradation; robust stress management; compartmentalization of pathway; genetic, enzymatic, and regulonic stability; and plant growth-promoting ability are important to mitigate noxious effects of xenobiotics. Use of metabolic pathway engineering in conjunction with bioelectrochemical treatments/biorefineries having compatible consortia and efficient as well as stable enzymes will further enhance desired catalytic activities and expand the metabolic repertoire for efficient treatment-cum-resource recovery. |
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