| Title | Hydrothermal carbonization of combined food waste: A critical evaluation of emergent products |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 9156 |
| Authors | Rasaq, WA; Thiruchenthooran, V; Wirkijowska, K; Valentin, M; Bobak, L; Igwegbe, CA; Bialowiec, A |
| Title | Hydrothermal carbonization of combined food waste: A critical evaluation of emergent products |
| Year | 2024 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) increasingly appears as an eco-friendly method for managing food waste (FW). In this work, a combination of FW was subjected to HTC, and products were critically evaluated. This involved a lab-scale pressure reactor and optimization of HTC conditions: temperature (220-340 degrees C) and residence time (90-260 min) via central composite design type of response surface methodology (CCD-RSM). Results showed varying temperatures and residence time to impact the hydrochar (HC) and hydrothermal carbonization aqueous phase (HTC-AP) properties. Although HC produced through HTC exhibited lower ash content (<2%) despite higher fixed carbon (>55 %) with respect to the raw FW, the heating value of HC ranged from 19.2 to 32.5 MJ/kg. Temperature primarily influenced FW conversion, affecting carbonaceous properties. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) were found to be predominant in the HTC-AP under all tested operating conditions (77.3, 48.4, and 37.1 wt% for HTC at 340, 280, and 220 degrees C in 180 min, respectively). Total phosphorus recovery in HC and HTC-AP respectively peaked at 340 degrees C and 220 degrees C in 180 min. The study concludes that HTC holds promise for energy-dense biofuel production, nutrient recovery, and fostering a circular economy. |
| https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2024.08.012 |
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