| Authors |
Zhang, WN; Gao, F; Jiang, YC; Jiang, LS; Liu, KF; Wang, SH; Chen, QJ; Qin, L |
| Abstract |
The resource utilization of agricultural wastes in Beijing that plays an important role in improving of rural regional environment. This paper mainly via grain ratio of maize straw, coefficient of feces excretion and related reference data to carry out analysis of total resources of crops straw, livestock excrements and fruit trees and its current using status and put forward the proposal to agricultural wastes recycling. The results show that: the amount of crops straw in Beijing up to 1.61 million tons, in which, there is about 48.4 ten thousand tons returning to the cropland directly, accounting for 30 percent of gross amount of crops straw; the resource amount of domestic energy that used for rural residents is about 40.3 ten thousand tons, accounting for 25 percent of gross amount of crops straw; used as food for cattle is about 29.1 ten thousand tons, accounting for 18 percent of gross amount of crops straw; the gross amount of animal manure is about 8.23 million tons, the means of treatment mainly includes biogas digesters, composted directly to be used as organic fertilize, discharged directly; the available amount of branches from fruit trees is 23.83 ten thousand tons, in which 32 percent will be burned, 26 percent will be discarded, 25 percent after grinded and sterilized will be used as matrix mixed with laubdecke and then composted to produce organic fertilize, 13 percent of trimmed branches will be used as fuel for crops straw gasification equipment in combination with the using status of agricultural wastes in Beijing rural area, based on the circular economy concept, it is suggested that model of agricultural wastes recycling should be formed with composts, solar biogas or edible mushrooms manufacturing as bond. Modern agriculture uses large quantity of fertilizes to instead of original domestic organic fertilize for using, uses artificial feeding to instead of agricultural wastes feeding for using, in addition to the development of modern agriculture intensification and large-scale, which has broken the link of wastes recycling in traditional agriculture, resulted in extensively accumulate of agricultural wastes, and then produced much more serious environment problems and resource wasting problems [1]. As a result, the rational utilization of agricultural wastes is increasingly becoming a problem that many countries need to be faced. The results form both domestic and overseas proved that resource utilization and hazard-free treatment of agricultural wastes, is the effective ways to control agricultural environment pollution, to improve rural environment, to develop circular economy, to realize agriculture sustainable development [2]. The main problems for agricultural wastes utilization in our country as follows: the amount of agricultural wastes produced was huge but the gross amount is not clear; the utilization of agricultural wastes is extensively and inefficiently and in serious idle situation; the technology of agricultural wastes utilization and industrial level lag behind; the lack of regulations and rules that related to utilization of agricultural wastes and socialized service system [3]. Agricultural wastes were discarded at will or discharged into environment directly, results in serious environment pollution. To know well of agricultural wastes resource and its using status, which has important means for reducing resource wasting and environment pollution, developing and utilizing organic wastes, promoting sustainable development of agriculture and rural economy. Especially under the city target of Green Beijing, Livable City, to solve problem of agricultural wastes are extremely important. This study based on crop yields, feeding amount of fowl and livestock to estimate agricultural wastes resource amount in Beijing, and analyzed of current utilization status, according to the results of agricultural wastes resource in Beijing, to put forward the model of agricultural wastes recycling in Beijing, to provide reference for effectively utilization of agricultural wastes in Beijing. |