| Title |
Co-processing of solid recovered fuels from mixed municipal and commercial waste in the cement industry - A pathway to a circular economy |
| ID_Doc |
16291 |
| Authors |
Sarc, R; Viczek, SA |
| Title |
Co-processing of solid recovered fuels from mixed municipal and commercial waste in the cement industry - A pathway to a circular economy |
| Year |
2024 |
| Published |
Waste Management & Research, 42, 3 |
| DOI |
10.1177/0734242X231178217 |
| Abstract |
With global municipal solid waste generation increasing steadily, the importance of high-quality, environmentally friendly waste valorization methods is rising, too. Most countries have set themselves ambitious recycling goals and follow a waste hierarchy in which recycling is more preferable than energy recovery. This article focuses on a waste treatment option that already is an integral part of waste management in some countries and enables the simultaneous recovery of energy and mineral constituents: the production of solid recovered fuels (SRFs) from mixed municipal and commercial waste and their use in the cement industry is often referred to as co-processing. The state of the art of SRF production is described and the first comprehensive dataset for SRF samples including major constituents, heavy metal and metalloid contents, energy- and CO2-emission-relevant parameters, ash constituents and the material-recyclable share of SRF is presented. Additionally, a comparison with fossil fuels is given. It is concluded that SRF from state-of-the-art production plants complies with strict limit values for heavy metals, has an average biogenic carbon content of 60%, and its application in the cement industry can be considered as partial recycling (14.5%) and partial energy recovery (85.5%). Leaving no residues to be dealt with, co-processing of waste in the cement industry therefore offers many benefits and can support the shift from a linear to a circular economy. |
| Author Keywords |
Co-processing; solid recovered fuel; waste management; waste valorization; recycling; energy recovery; ash composition; heavy metals |
| Index Keywords |
Index Keywords |
| Document Type |
Other |
| Open Access |
Open Access |
| Source |
Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) |
| EID |
WOS:001018481000001 |
| WoS Category |
Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences |
| Research Area |
Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
| PDF |
|