| Title |
Start-Up of Anammox SBR from Non-Specific Inoculum and Process Acceleration Methods by Hydrazine |
| ID_Doc |
18022 |
| Authors |
Zekker, I; Artemchuk, O; Rikmann, E; Ohimai, K; Bhowmick, GD; Ghangrekar, MM; Burlakovs, J; Tenno, T |
| Title |
Start-Up of Anammox SBR from Non-Specific Inoculum and Process Acceleration Methods by Hydrazine |
| Year |
2021 |
| Published |
Water, 13, 3 |
| DOI |
10.3390/w13030350 |
| Abstract |
Biological nutrient removal from wastewater to reach acceptable levels is needed to protect water resources and avoid eutrophication. The start-up of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process from scratch was investigated in a 20 L sequence batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with a mixture of aerobic and anaerobic sludge at 30 +/- 0.5 degrees C with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2-3 days. The use of NH4Cl, NaNO2, and reject water as nitrogen sources created different salinity periods, in which the anammox process performance was assessed: low (<0.2 g of Cl-/L), high (18.2 g of Cl-/L), or optimum salinity (0.5-2 g of Cl-/L). Reject water feeding gave the optimum salinity, with an average nitrogen removal efficiency of 80%, and a TNRR of 0.08 kg N/m(3)/d being achieved after 193 days. The main aim was to show the effect of a hydrazine addition on the specific anammox activity (SAA) and denitrification activity in the start-up process to boost the autotrophic nitrogen removal from scratch. The effect of the anammox intermediate hydrazine addition was tested to assess its concentration effect (range of 2-12.5 mg of N2H4/L) on diminishing denitrifier activity and accelerating anammox activity at the same time. Heterotrophic denitrifiers' activity was diminished by all hydrazine additions compared to the control; 5 mg of N2H4/L added enhanced SAA compared to the control, achieving an SAA of 0.72 (+/- 0.01) mg N/g MLSS/h, while the test with 7.5 mg of N2H4/L reached the highest overall SAA of 0.98 (+/- 0.09) mg N g/MLSS/h. The addition of trace amounts of hydrazine for 6 h was also able to enhance SAA after inhibition by organic carbon source sodium acetate addition at a high C/N ratio of 10/1. The start-up of anammox bacteria from the aerobic-anaerobic suspended biomass was successful, with hydrazine significantly accelerating anammox activity and decreasing denitrifier activity, making the method applicable for side-stream as well as mainstream treatment. |
| Author Keywords |
anammox; reject water; salinity; hydrazine; granular biomass; anammox activity; nitrogen removal |
| Index Keywords |
Index Keywords |
| Document Type |
Other |
| Open Access |
Open Access |
| Source |
Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) |
| EID |
WOS:000615669700001 |
| WoS Category |
Environmental Sciences; Water Resources |
| Research Area |
Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources |
| PDF |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/3/350/pdf?version=1612001231
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