| Title |
How to handle the policy conflict between resource circulation and hazardous substances in the use of waste?: Three countries' regulations on contaminants in waste and their implications for resource circulation |
| ID_Doc |
21405 |
| Authors |
Johansson, N; Krook, J |
| Title |
How to handle the policy conflict between resource circulation and hazardous substances in the use of waste?: Three countries' regulations on contaminants in waste and their implications for resource circulation |
| Year |
2021 |
| Published |
Journal Of Industrial Ecology, 25.0, 4 |
| DOI |
10.1111/jiec.13103 |
| Abstract |
A circular economy creates a policy conflict between increased resource circulation and decreased dispersal of hazardous substances. On the basis of three case studies in the EU, we have therefore identified various regulatory questions that can be posed to address the occurrence of hazardous substances in the use of waste. For each of these questions, we have proposed two possible responses influencing the design of the regulation and analyzed their consequences both from a circularity and from a toxicity perspective. Currently, the regulations focus on reducing the dispersal of hazardous substances rather than stimulating resource circulation. The allowable contamination levels in the waste are typically regulated in relation to its mass rather than its content of valuable resources. The regulation of hazards in waste can be further developed in two general ways, by emphasizing either the risk of exposure to hazards or the total content of hazards. A risk approach is beneficial for short-term circularity and waste producers. A hazard approach is beneficial for long-term circularity and waste users. In order to improve the balancing of the policy conflict in question, values, underlying assumptions, and the effects of hazardous substances and resource circulation need to be better understood. |
| Author Keywords |
bottom ash; circular economy; industrial ecology; policy conflict; pollution prevention; Toxic-free environment |
| Index Keywords |
Index Keywords |
| Document Type |
Other |
| Open Access |
Open Access |
| Source |
Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) |
| EID |
WOS:000612374900001 |
| WoS Category |
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences |
| Research Area |
Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
| PDF |
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/jiec.13103
|