| Abstract |
Biomass is abundant worldwide and holds great promise for environmentally sustainable fuel and energy production, with minimal carbon dioxide emissions. Among the various techniques employed, thermal conversion stands out as a widely used method, offering superior efficiency and environmental benefits compared to other options. However, there are significant challenges related to biomass feedstock, including size, format, moisture content, and consistency, which can hinder its efficient use in thermal conversion processes. To address these challenges, pre-processing techniques play a crucial role in enhancing efficiency by creating a more uniform, dry, and consistent feedstock. By employing these pre-processing methods, we can achieve cleaner and more efficient biomass conversion. This, in turn, helps reduce the depletion of non-renewable resources, mitigating the adverse impacts of their excessive extraction and utilization. This study delves into the existing research gaps and opportunities aimed at improving the circularity of biomass thermal conversion through pre-processing procedures. Ultimately, this approach leads to a more environmentally friendly framework, aligning with the goals of a circular economy. |