| Title |
Smart readiness indicator evaluation and cost estimation of smart retrofitting scenarios-A comparative case-study in European residential buildings |
| ID_Doc |
43897 |
| Authors |
Apostolopoulos, V; Giourka, P; Martinopoulos, G; Angelakoglou, K; Kourtzanidis, K; Nikolopoulos, N |
| Title |
Smart readiness indicator evaluation and cost estimation of smart retrofitting scenarios-A comparative case-study in European residential buildings |
| Year |
2022 |
| Published |
|
| DOI |
10.1016/j.scs.2022.103921 |
| Abstract |
The current research applies the SRI methodology in two typologies of typical residential buildings, Single Family Houses and Multi-Family Houses, in five EU Countries, to evaluate the retrofitting cost towards buildings smartification and assess the SRI score when different retrofitting scenarios are applied. To that end, a three step assessment process is adopted. First, the SRI is calculated for the baseline scenario representing the national minimum requirements according to the EPBD. Next, the SRI is calculated after applying a retrofitting scenario that includes market available technologies towards Nearly Zero Energy Buildings. Last, a more comprehensive retrofitting scenario of integrated technologies towards Positive Energy Buildings is assessed. Results indicate that buildings, constructed after the implementation of the EPBD, can increase smartness with a relatively low cost than older buildings, although their initial overall SRI score generally leads to an SRI Class G (0-20%), with buildings performing better in "Health, well-being and accessibility" and "Comfort" impact categories. Smart orientated retrofitting scenarios focusing on building automation and control measures can increase such buildings class up to "C" (65-80%), performing better in optimizing energy efficiency when applying retrofits towards NZEB. Applying retrofitting scenarios that could potentially lead to energy positiveness mainly supports building interaction with the grid. |
| Author Keywords |
SRI; Smart city; Smart buildings; Sustainable retrofitting; NZEB; PEB |
| Index Keywords |
Index Keywords |
| Document Type |
Other |
| Open Access |
Open Access |
| Source |
Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) |
| EID |
WOS:000800353100002 |
| WoS Category |
Construction & Building Technology; Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Energy & Fuels |
| Research Area |
Construction & Building Technology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels |
| PDF |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.103921
|