| Title |
Black Americans Past And Present Created Frugal Innovations And Embraced Circular Economy Principles: The Marketing Dilemma |
| ID_Doc |
4449 |
| Authors |
Hamilton, CA |
| Title |
Black Americans Past And Present Created Frugal Innovations And Embraced Circular Economy Principles: The Marketing Dilemma |
| Year |
2018 |
| Published |
|
| DOI |
|
| Abstract |
Frugal innovation is the practice whereby the rich learns from innovations developed in poor countries, and there is purportedly a current rivalry between India and China in the frugal innovation arena. This research advocates that the concept of frugal innovation did not originate in Asia or India. The practice of the rich taking the poor's innovations is not new. In particular, Black American slaves and freed slaves developed a number of inventions in poverty conditions. It is imperative that frugal innovation research be more historically accurate so as to reduce the marginalization of contributions developed by poor innovators and to increase the more widespread embrace of circular economy principles. If a poor innovator resides in a rich country, then that innovator should not be excluded from the frugal innovator category if frugality was indeed used to innovate. |
| Author Keywords |
intellectual property; black inventors; African American inventors; frugal innovations; circular economy; technology commercialization; research and development; technology development; entrepreneurship |
| Index Keywords |
Index Keywords |
| Document Type |
Other |
| Open Access |
Open Access |
| Source |
Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Social Science & Humanities (CPCI-SSH) |
| EID |
WOS:000520521200042 |
| WoS Category |
Business |
| Research Area |
Business & Economics |
| PDF |
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