| Title |
Recovery of Cobalt, Nickel, and Lithium from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries with Gluconic Acid Leaching Process: Kinetics Study |
| ID_Doc |
64019 |
| Authors |
Gerold, E; Lerchbammer, R; Antrekowitsch, H |
| Title |
Recovery of Cobalt, Nickel, and Lithium from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries with Gluconic Acid Leaching Process: Kinetics Study |
| Year |
2024 |
| Published |
Batteries-Basel, 10, 4 |
| DOI |
10.3390/batteries10040120 |
| Abstract |
The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is driven by environmental concerns and market growth, particularly in the transportation sector. The EU's push for net-zero emissions and the European Green Deal accentuates the role of battery technologies in sustainable energy supply. Organic acids, like gluconic acid, are explored for the eco-friendly leaching of valuable metals from spent batteries. This study investigates leaching kinetics using gluconic acid (hydrolyzed glucono-1.5-lacton), analyzing factors such as temperature, acid concentration, particle size, and reaction time. Results reveal the temperature's influence on leaching efficiency for cobalt, nickel, and lithium. The mechanism for Co follows a surface chemical reaction model with an activation energy of 28.2 kJmol-1. Nickel, on the contrary, shows a diffusion-controlled regime and an activation energy of 70.1 kJmol-1. The reaction of leaching Ni and Co using gluconic acid was determined to be first-order. The process within this environmentally friendly alternative leaching agent shows great potential for sustainable metal recovery. |
| Author Keywords |
lithium-ion batteries; recycling; sustainability; gluconic acid; kinetics study |
| Index Keywords |
Index Keywords |
| Document Type |
Other |
| Open Access |
Open Access |
| Source |
Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) |
| EID |
WOS:001210482600001 |
| WoS Category |
Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary |
| Research Area |
Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science |
| PDF |
https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/4/120/pdf?version=1712062559
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