| Title |
Pharmaceutical contamination in wastewater treatment plants: occurrence, challenges in detection and insights on high-performance liquid chromato- graphy as an effective analytical tool in environmental matrices - a review |
| ID_Doc |
64750 |
| Authors |
Calus-Makowska, K; Grosser, A; Grobelak, A |
| Title |
Pharmaceutical contamination in wastewater treatment plants: occurrence, challenges in detection and insights on high-performance liquid chromato- graphy as an effective analytical tool in environmental matrices - a review |
| Year |
2023 |
| Published |
|
| DOI |
10.5004/dwt.2023.29789 |
| Abstract |
Environmental pollution caused by pharmaceuticals is a significant issue among various other challenges currently faced. The main and secondary source of these pollutants is wastewater and sewage sludge. It is extremely important to effectively determine the content of pharmaceuticals in wastewater and sewage sludge and develop methods for neutralizing and removing these substances. Pharmaceutical contamination in wastewater treatment plants has emerged as a growing concern due to its potential environmental and human health impacts. This review paper presents an in-depth analysis of the occurrence, challenges in detection, and the promising role of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as an analytical tool for assessing pharmaceutical pollutants in diverse environmental matrices, including wastewater, treated wastewater, and sewage sludge. The manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the efficiency, advantages, and limitations of HPLC in pharmaceutical analysis, including detection limits, error analysis, chemical requirements, precision, and analysis time. The study focuses on the application of HPLC for the determination of pharmaceuticals in wastewater matrices, highlighting its utility in profiling target compounds across different concentration ranges. The paper also discusses the significance of HPLC in overcoming the analytical challenges associated with pharmaceutical detection in wastewater treatment processes. The review offers insights into the capabilities of HPLC for analysing pharmaceuticals, comparing its performance with other analytical methods, and discussing its potential for routine monitoring and environmental risk assessment. Overall, this manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the analytical methods for pharmaceutical determination in wastewater and sewage sludge matrices, emphasizing the benefits and limitations of HPLC. The findings of this review contribute to advancing knowledge in the field of pharmaceutical pollution, aiding researchers, environmental practitioners, and policymakers in developing effective strategies for monitoring and mitigating the environmental impacts of pharmaceutical contamination in wastewater treatment plants. |
| Author Keywords |
Pharmaceuticals; Multi-analysis; Wastewater; Sewage sludge; Emerging contaminants; Environmental matrices; High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Detection challenges; Occurrence; Detection limits |
| Index Keywords |
Index Keywords |
| Document Type |
Other |
| Open Access |
Open Access |
| Source |
Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED); Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Science (CPCI-S) |
| EID |
WOS:001110182000007 |
| WoS Category |
Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources |
| Research Area |
Engineering; Water Resources |
| PDF |
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