| Title |
Evaluation of Roasting Conditions as an Attempt to Improve Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Pine Nut Shell and Skin |
| ID_Doc |
9522 |
| Authors |
Adelina, NM; Wang, H; Zhang, LG; Yang, K; Zhang, L; Zhao, YH |
| Title |
Evaluation of Roasting Conditions as an Attempt to Improve Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Pine Nut Shell and Skin |
| Year |
2022 |
| Published |
Waste And Biomass Valorization, 13.0, 2 |
| DOI |
10.1007/s12649-021-01589-6 |
| Abstract |
Consistent with the massive production of pine nuts, a huge amount of by-products such as shell and skin has also been generated and led to environmental pollution without proper handling. As the implementation of the circular economy concept, their bioactive compounds that may potentially become a source of valuable co-product were evaluated. Pine nut shell and skin samples from two Korean pine nut cultivars, subjected to low (130 degrees C), medium (150 degrees C), and high temperatures (180 degrees C) with different roasting durations (10, 20, and 30 min), were used to evaluate the possibility to improve their bioactive compounds as a result of different roasting conditions. This study demonstrated the improvement of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and total proanthocyanidin content, as well as antioxidant activities measured by FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH assays. The results also indicate that the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of skin was higher than that of shell. The most representative phenolic compounds responsible for antioxidant activity were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC-UV, including phenolic acids and flavonoids. In general, low or medium roasting temperatures for a short time could be favorable to provide more bioactive compounds, and suggesting could be further developed as antioxidant resources. |
| Author Keywords |
Heat treatment; Industrial waste; Valorization; Phenolic content; Flavonoid content |
| Index Keywords |
Index Keywords |
| Document Type |
Other |
| Open Access |
Open Access |
| Source |
Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) |
| EID |
WOS:000703514800002 |
| WoS Category |
Environmental Sciences |
| Research Area |
Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
| PDF |
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