| Title | Removing and Recovering Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Animal Manure |
|---|---|
| ID_Doc | 9255 |
| Authors | Vanotti, MB; García-González, MC; Szögi, AA; Harrison, JH; Smith, WB; Moral, R |
| Title | Removing and Recovering Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Animal Manure |
| Year | 2019 |
| Published | |
| Abstract | Many areas in the United States produce more manure nutrients than available cropland can assimilate. Among all nutrients in manure, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cause the greatest environmental concern. Treatment technologies can play an important role in the management of animal manures by providing a more flexible approach to land application and acreage limitations. Development of technologies for nutrient-reuse was identified as one of the five main challenges in waste management within a circular economy. Manure treatment can be accomplished with the use of biological, chemical, and physical methodologies as part of treatment systems that are integrated with the needs of the land and create additional value through nutrient concentration and recycling, water quality credits, energy production, greenhouse gas reductions, and other beneficial by-products. This chapter reviews the alternative approaches for removing and recovering N and P from animal manure using both on-farm and off-farm management. Major components include diet manipulation, solid-liquid separation, and anaerobic digestion. The resulting materials are subsequently treated using a variety of technologies developed for solid or liquid fractions that include: composting, thermochemical processes, extraction of phosphate concentrates, recovery of the ammonia, biological nutrient removal processes, and vegetative or algal nutrient removal systems. Desirable properties of the recovered products and agronomic utilization are also discussed. |
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