| Title |
Electrochemical leaching of critical materials from lithium-ion batteries: A comparative life cycle assessment |
| ID_Doc |
26471 |
| Authors |
Adhikari, B; Chowdhury, NA; Diaz, LA; Jin, HY; Saha, AK; Shi, M; Klaehn, JR; Lister, TE |
| Title |
Electrochemical leaching of critical materials from lithium-ion batteries: A comparative life cycle assessment |
| Year |
2023 |
| Published |
|
| DOI |
10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.106973 |
| Abstract |
The manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) requires critical materials such as cobalt (Co) and lithium (Li) that are essential for clean-energy products including electric vehicles. Because of their rapidly increasing de-mand and limited supply, the recycle and reuse of these materials from end-of-life LIB have garnered a lot of interest. Electrochemical leaching has emerged as a sustainable method to extract critical materials out of LIB, so life cycle assessment was conducted to compare the environmental impacts with traditional peroxide-based leaching and another emerging technology - SO2-based leaching. The results showed that electrochemical leaching reduces the global warming potential (GWP) by 80%-87% compared to peroxide-based leaching due to a lower acid consumption, avoidance of hydrogen peroxide, and regeneration of reducing agent iron (II) sulfate and compares well with SO2-based leaching in most impact categories. The analysis suggested renewable energy can further reduce the environment footprint of electrochemical leaching. |
| Author Keywords |
Environmental impact; Peroxide-based leaching; SO 2 leaching; Value recovery; Circular economy |
| Index Keywords |
Index Keywords |
| Document Type |
Other |
| Open Access |
Open Access |
| Source |
Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) |
| EID |
WOS:001009263800001 |
| WoS Category |
Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences |
| Research Area |
Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
| PDF |
http://manuscript.elsevier.com/S092134492300109X/pdf/S092134492300109X.pdf
|